The Hosea 3:5 passage speaks of the promises to David. The Apostles explain how these are fulfilled in Jesus in Acts 2:29-36. They key passage in the middle of the text is:
Act 2:34 For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,Peter’s argument is that David himself (being dead) isn’t the fulfillment of these sorts of OT passages, but Jesus is the fulfillment.
How do I deal with the passages which say that David will sit on the throne? The same way that the Apostle Peter dealt with it. David sits on his throne today, through his legitimate heir, Jesus, the son (descendant) of David. When the Bible speaks of the house of David (as well as archaeology), they mean the heir of the house. We see a very explicit reference to this in many places, such as:
Luk 2:4 And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the city of Nazareth, into Judaea, unto the city of David, which is called Bethlehem; (because he was of the house and lineage of David:)The OT has many other such passages which were a promise of the Messiah:
Zec 13:1 In that day there shall be a fountain opened to the house of David and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem for sin and for uncleanness.
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